The Tools of Poetry, The Tools of Drama, The Tools of Fiction

The Tools of Poetry

The art of writing poems. It means to create and the people use it to express the feelings.

Rhyme: the use of words with the same sound at the ends of the lines of a poem.

Enjambement: when a line ends in the middle of a phrase and the meaning comes in the next line.

Assonance: the repetition of the same vowel sound.

Alliteration: the repetition of the same initial consonant sound in consecutive words.

Repetition: when the phrases or lines may be repeated in the course of a poem.

Onomatopoeia: the use of words whose sound illustrates their meaning.

Rhythm: strong pattern of sound. The unstress-stress is iamb. The stress-unstress is trochee.

Simile: ison between two things with the use of specific word such as like, than, resembles.

Metaphor: ison between two things without the use of specific words such as like or as. Tenor: subject of the metaphor; Vehicle: what the subject is ed to; Common Ground: analogy between them.

Personification: metaphor which attributes to inanimate objects the characteristics of a living being.

Free verse: free verse reject the conventional pattern of regular verse and haven't a regular metre.

Symbol: any thing, person, place or action that has a literal meaning.

Poem: a piece of writing in which the words are chosen for their beauty,sound,imagery. Layout: when words are arranged on paper. Line: a row of words. Stanza: a group of lines forming a division of a poem.

The Tools of Drama

The drama implies a real moment of communication from author to audience trough the actors.

Scene: a part of a play in which the action remains in one place for a continuous period of time.

Stage: the area in a theatre where actors perform.    Act: a part of play.

Setting: place and time can be inferred both from the dialogue and the stage directions.

Characters: hero, heroine, villain. Divided into main or minor according to their important.

Stage directions: descriptions in the text of a play explaining how it should be performed.

The element of drama: Playwright: a parson who writes a play. Play: number of acts divided into scenes. Performance: the action of entertaining other people. Audience: the public at a theatre.

Dramatic techniques:

Dialogue: provides details about the characters and their relationship;

Soliloquy: the character is alone on the stage;

Monologue: there are other characters but the speaker ignores them;

Asides: are short comments made by a character for the audience ;

Stage directions: are open interventions of the playwright.

Tragedy (a play that ends sadly) WHILE = MENTRE

Plot: sad. Situation in sadly way. THAT IS = CIOE'

Prologue: introduces the characters; spoken by a chorus.

Chorus: comment the actions of characters.

Characters: are generally heroes, heroine and villain.

Language: is an elevate language.

Comedy (a play which is amusing)

Plot: based on love. Situation in amusing way.

Characters: don't evolve in the course of the play.

Language: is a witty dialogue.

The Tools of Fiction

The fiction includes books or stories about invented people and events.

Character: parson represented in a story; can be direct or indirect; their role can be major or minor:

Flat character are built around a psychological quality. Don't evolve in the course of the story. Round character pass through the crucial events of the story. They evolve in the story.

Narrator: the voice who tells the story. First-person narrator: can coincide with character in the story or the protagonist who tells of his life. Third-person narrator: is omniscient, knows everything about the events and the characters;obtrusive: interfere with the story and reduces the emotional intensity;unobtrusive: when shows what happens but he doesn't interfere with the story.

Point of view: angle from witch the story is told. Narrator gives the point of view.

Plot: story of a book. Novel: a long story. Theme: main subject of a book.

Setting: the place and time of the story.

Chapter: section of a book which has a title or a number.

Theme

Subject on which one writes or speaks.

- Proposition for discussion;

- Kay-idea that offers hints for personal reflection;

- Subject of artistic representation;

Can be presented by visual, auditory and verbal mode.

Sub-theme

Part of main theme with the motif.

For explore literary genres we can:

- Analyse the title that sometimes can give the theme of the text.

- Focus the influence that setting can have on the theme.

- Discuss about characters actions and thoughts that can help to explore a central theme.

- Locate symbols that contributes to explore the development of theme or motif.

- Finally state the major theme and its sub-themes.