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The plot of Moll Flanders

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The plot of Moll Flanders

The full title of Moll Flanders gives an apt summary of the plot: The Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Famous Moll Flanders, Etc.

Moll Flanders is born to a mother who has been convicted of a felony and who is transported to America soon after her birth. As an infant, Moll lives on public charity, under the care of a kind widow who teaches her manners and needlework. She grows into a beautiful teenager and is seduced at an early age. Abandoned by her first lover, she is compelled to marry his younger brother. He dies after a few years, and she marries a draper who soon flees the country as a fugitive from the law. She marries yet again and moves to America, only to find out that her husband is actually her half-brother. She leaves him in disgust and returns to England, where she becomes the mistress of a man whose wife has gone insane. He renounces his affair with Moll after a religious experience. 

Moll's next marriage offer is from a banker whose wife has been cheating on him. Moll agrees to marry him if he can obtain a divorce, and meanwhile she travels to the country and marries a rich gentleman in Lancashire. This man turns out to be a fraud--he is as poor as she is--and they part ways to seek their fortunes separately. Moll returns to marry the banker, who by this time has succeeded in divorcing his wife. He dies soon after, however, and Moll is thrown back upon her own resources once again. She lives in poverty for several years and then begins stealing. She is quite talented at this new 'trade' and soon becomes an expert thief and a local legend. Eventually she is caught, imprisoned, and sentenced to death. In prison at Newgate, she reunites with her Lancashire husband, who has also been arrested. They both manage to have their sentences reduced, and they are transported to the colonies, where they begin a new life as tation owners. In America, Moll rediscovers her brother and her son and claims the inheritance her mother has left her. Prosperous and repentant, she returns with her husband to England at the age of seventy.




Realistic representation

Moll Flanders is narrated in retrospective first-person narration by Moll herself in her old age. Characterisation focuses on personal relationships and feelings but it stresses the adventurous experiences of the heroine in a simple and direct style aimed at creating a strong sense of identification and sympathy in the reader.

The novel includes "documents" in order to increase the illusion of verifiable fact, it aims at objective, realistic representation. What is important in Moll's world is the counting, measuring, pricing, weighing and evaluating of the things according to the wealth they represent and the social status they imply for the possessor.














The novel as a reflection of its time

The story develops around several characters and describes urban society. The novel embodies the economic and social problems in Britain in the first decades of the eighteenth century, such as crime and provisions for poor orphans. In fact the intent of novel (is) to teach a moral lesson. Moll Flanders stands quite alone in the world. The older Moll lives a life of financial security in Virginia. Defoe reveals, through Moll, not only the kind of necessity that drives the urban poor to a life of crime, but also the kind of society which allows Moll to prosper. Social identities became fluid; money could bring power and prestige. Moll's social identity is unfixed because she uses it in a system of trade, selling sex, affection, or the goods she steals.

Theft and prostitution implied the risks of transportation to Virginia, hanging or spending several weeks in Newgate Prison.

One of the consequences of this job involve the birth of numerous children, that, not being able them to attend, were submitted to other families, but they were often neglected disappeared. So Moll tried to avoid becoming too found of their children.

In a way, Moll is Crusoe's female counterpart: her reflections have an economic basis and are carried on in strict logical sequences.

So we can affirm that Crusoe's novel wants to have a militant and practical character to resolve deep problems of 18th century society.







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